Yang Linjun

Lijiang, Yunnan Province Lijiang education College

Accepts the western learning is a famous doctrine which on the century 80’s later excitedly will emerge.The Naxi nationality has the profound history, delivers the soul route from the east Pakistan Confucian classics record to look, its migration route and the time are long.In the past studied the Naxi nationality history to use the sole history research technique, the literature is basically the center, the rigorous proof, has done the thorough research to the Naxi nationality history.Along with the literature material thorough research, piles very difficultly in the literature discovers the novel viewpoint.Actually, the entire history is facing the like this difficult position.Multi-disciplinary, the multi-domain cooperation research has become the scientific research the direction, the Naxi nationality history research also needs to profit from and to quote other disciplines the research technique.With the anthropology field investigation research technique, the union history original research way and the achievement, are becoming the history research the new direction.The Naxi nationality is a migration nationality, in the long migration on the way, the accumulation and the model and other nationality’s merit, generation of receives hands down from generation to generation, has become the present “the big culture”.Therefore, the Naxi nationality history research, should pay great attention to the field investigation the method, goes out the gateway, invests the field, feels historical the scene feeling.This article is divided three parts:

First, Naxi nationality history research achievement and difficult position.

Second,Historical anthropology fundamental research method and in history domain influence.

Third, Under historical anthropology field of vision Naxi nationality history research technique and breakthrough direction.

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Naomichi KUROSAWA（黑泽直道）日本国学院大学

The ritual texts used in the religion of the Naxi people are written in a distinct script known as “Dongba script”, which is both written in and read by Naxi priests, themselves known as “Dongba”. Dongba pictographs do not fully correspond to language elements such as phonemes, syllables, morphemes and words, and are highly indefinite. Hence, it has been held that only Dongba priests who had memorized the content of Dongba ritual texts were capable of reading them.

However, by comparing the pictographs of a number of ritual texts, inscribed with the same content, it is evident that within the script there are both definite pictographs, which are inscribed in nearly all of the texts, and indefinite pictographs, which appear in only a few texts. Furthermore, in most cases, definite pictographs are those representing nouns or proper nouns. In contrast, indefinite pictographs are often phonetic-equivalent characters that use other pictographs of different meaning but the same pronunciation. When the indefinite pictographs are removed from a given text to leave just the definite ones, what remains is the framework of the text. It is possible that a hypothesis of a framework for ritual texts will assist in discerning the content of texts collected by researchers and explorers that now lie dormant in libraries and research institutions worldwide and that have not come to light through Dongba priests’ recitations and transcription by scholars.

In this research, pictographs appearing in nine texts found in the beginning of the Naxi creation myth “Coq bber tv” are classified into definite and indefinite groups on the basis of frequency of appearance within the texts, and a framework showing the definite pictographs only is extracted. There then follows a brief discussion of the meanings of this framework.

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He Rui

Culture dept. Jade Water Village eco-tourism company

To set up an ecological reserve, three elemental problems have to be solved in advance, which are who will in charge of the management to the reserve, how a villager to participate in the management and how to ensure the sufficient finance source. Since 1998, the former government of Lijiang county had proclaimed that there were six villages as ecological reserve, which are Tacheng, Ludian, Tai’an, Dadong, Daju, Miying. Apparently, the environment for preservation of Dongba culture is increasingly getting worse in these areas because of the three elemental problems we mentioned above had not been solved properly. Jade Water Village eco-tourism company limited is a multifunctional company and its subordination: state-level AAAA scenery spot Jade Water Village, Sandieshui hotel and West e-commerce travel agency company set up a Shuming ecological Dongba culture reserve within the range of six team of villagers on Shuming area to the Yilong committee of Tacheng village of Yulong Naxi autonomous county in June 2006, carried out a series of practice of cultural preservation and processed creative researches, offered the primary experience on preservation of ethnic ecological culture, it is warmly welcome and supported among the villagers. The company also suggested that the works of preservation of the ethnic ecological culture、the environment protection、the poverty alleviation and the accelerating to reconstruct the new village must be executed comprehensively and progressively.

Over the last year, Jade Water Village eco-tourism company limited had deployed the works on the Shuming reserve mainly are:

1. Organized management committee and established the working mechanism for the reserve;
2. Cultivated backbones for succession of ethnic culture;
3. Carried out the protection obligation to every household;
4. protected earnestly the grand conventions such as Sky Sacrifice;
5. Organized the construction of infrastructure facilities.

In spite of that, the accomplishments on Shuming reserve made by Jade Water Village eco-tourism company, is just a good beginning. Shuming is located in a high and cold mountainous area, the low potential of agricultural production and the low income to the farmers due to its own topographic conditions. Thus it causes two obvious contradictions: one is now most of the young men get a job outside their hometown in order to live a better life, this phenomenon put Dongba cultural inheriting in a quandary; the other one is Shuming is surrounded by continuous mountain, the source of woods is abundant, which could be turn into quick money easily by some means. Therefore, wood stealing and the unauthorized behaviors to make money are unable to stop in a very short period, which also make the environment protection and Dongba culture survival a hard living.

Poverty is the root of the major problem we facing. To break through it we have to combine poverty alleviation and ecological Dongba culture protection. The company hereby brings up a new plan and makes it come into effect:

1. Steering local people to develop commodity economy. The management committee will start to purchase green food from local at the end of this year, the price standard is higher than local market price, as the specific food source, the green food will be provided to the restaurant of Jade Water Village scenery spot.
2. Actively achieve the support from relative governmental departments, devote to the development and protection of Shuming reserve, and make overall plans for ecological cultural protection and economy development.
3. On the premise of the protection of ecological Dongba culture is carried out, we actively plan and develop eco-tourism projects, cultivate local tourism industry, optimize local industrial structure.

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